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What is Diabetes Mellitus (Sugar Diabetes)?

Diabetes mellitus is a medical condition where there is a high level of sugar (glucose) in the blood, caused either due to decreased insulin production by the pancreas, or as a result of impaired insulin action, or both. Broadly speaking, diabetes is said to be of two types :

  • Type 1 diabetes where the body does not produce insulin.
  • Type 2 diabetes where there may be enough insulin but it cannot be utilized adequately.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease. Although it cannot be cured, it should be controlled with proper treatment so as to avoid its many potential complications which may be disabling as well as life-threatening.

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Articles on Digestion & Metabolism, Disease & Conditions

What is Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and HAART for HIV?

Antiretroviral drugs are medication that are active against retroviruses. These days it is employed as a cocktail of drugs (HAART) in the treatment of HIV infection. Antiretrovirals are a sub-class of antiviral drugs.

How do antiretroviral drugs work?

The traditional antiretroviral drugs inhibit reverse transcriptase enzyme or protease enzyme. The reverse transcriptase enzyme is responsible for synthesis of DNA from the viral RNA and the protease enzyme is responsible for breaking down larger proteins to smaller functional proteins. Some drugs act by preventing the entry of the virus into human cell and some by preventing integration of viral DNA into the human DNA.

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Articles on Disease & Conditions, Drugs Medicines & Supplements, Infections

What are Antiviral Drugs (Medication)?

Antiviral drugs (antivirals) are medicines that are used to treat or prevent the infections caused by virus. Antivirals act specifically against particular groups of viruses and its actions are limited to these groups alone. A virus has no cell membrane and can multiply when it infects a cell’s nucleus in the human (host) body. The virus invades the host cells and multiplies rapidly thereby resulting in the particular infection.
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Articles on Disease & Conditions, Drugs Medicines & Supplements, Infections

What is Coronary Artery Disease? Blocked Heart Blood Supply

Coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD) is any condition that leads to ischemia (tissue injury as a result of low oxygen availability) and related injuries to the heart. It covers the entire spectrum of ischemic diseases of the heart from angina to myocardial infarction. As the name suggests, the flow of blood through the coronary arteries, which supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle, is compromised in CAD.

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Articles on Disease & Conditions, Heart & Blood Vessels
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