Bacterial vaginosis is the medical term for a bacterial infection in the vagina. The vagina harbors many naturally occurring species of bacteria in a controlled environment. With a balanced pH and a constant level of moisture, the vaginal tissue remains intact from any bacterial invasion. However under certain circumstances, a bacterial overgrowth can occur. Alternatively, foreign bacteria may gain entry into the vagina and infect the cavity.
What can cause a vaginal infection with bacteria?
Causes of Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common causes of a vaginal infection. Other microbes like yeasts and viruses can also infect the vagina. Bacterial vaginosis may be caused by pathogens introduced into the vagina or can result from an overgrowth of the naturally occurring vaginal bacteria. If the natural environment within the vagina is upset, a bacterial vaginal infection can quickly set in. Vaginal douches, penetration with unhygienic objects, and bacteria spread from the anus are the most common causes of bacterial vaginosis. In female babies, inappropriate wiping after defecation often causes bacteria to spread to the vagina and result in an infection.
A number of bacterial species can causes bacterial vaginosis and in all cases, medical treatment is necessary. However in cases of chlamydia, which is caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis, urgent medical attention should be sought. A chlamydia infection can quickly spread to the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries and is one of the leading causes of infertility due to a bacterial infection.
What are the symptoms of a vaginal infection with bacteria?
Signs & Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis
A vaginal infection causes vaginitis, which is the inflammation of the vagina. Typical symptoms of bacterial vaginosis includes :
- yellow, brown or blood tinged vaginal discharge
- foul smelling vaginal odor, typically a fishy odor
- pain and tenderness
- fever
- light vaginal bleeding or spotting
- pain during intercourse
How is a vaginal infection treated?
Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
Antibiotics are the main course of treatment. Antiinflammatory drugs may assist with reducing the inflammation and analgesics will assist with pain control. Avoid vaginal douching as a means to treat bacterial vaginosis as it may aggravate the infection further. Always consult with a gynecologist if you suspect that you have a vaginal infection. The complication of untreated infections can be severe and result in serious effects on your reproductive health.
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