Deep venous thrombosis or DVT is a condition where a blood clot forms in one of the major deep veins, usually of the lower leg, thigh or pelvis. It can cause pain and swelling of the affected leg and its most dangerous consequence is the development of pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lung). Rarely, DVT may occur in a deep vein in the arm.
There are two types of veins in the leg – superficial and deep. The deep veins lie under the muscles while the superficial veins lie just under the skin. Blood clots may sometimes form in the superficial veins but cause milder problems than when the deep veins are involved.
An acute abdomen is the sudden onset of severe abdominal symptoms, including pain, usually due to a major problem with one of the organs in the abdomen such as the appendix, gall bladder, intestine, and so on. It may be caused by inflammation of the organs, rupture, perforation or any other pathology. An acute abdomen can proceed to become a medical emergency with potentially life-threatening consequences unless correctly diagnosed and treated immediately. Surgical intervention often becomes necessary.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease with high blood glucose levels resulting from a deficiency of insulin. Drugs that are used in treatment of diabetes mellitus are called antidiabetic drugs. It is useful for reducing blood sugar levels. Insulin, its analogues and oral hypoglycemic drugs are the commonly used antidiabetic drugs.
The blood is a liquid medium containing many chemicals, small particles, blood cells and proteins. When needed, these components of the blood can act together to form a gelatinous plug to stop blood loss. A blood clot is normally formed by the body in its attempt to repair an injured blood vessel. The injury may be obvious with signs of bleeding or it may be too minute to be visible. A blood clot that forms in normal circumstances is beneficial and life-saving, but if it occurs without just cause it may lead to problems.